Combined permutation and snap action lock



c. o.' cLEMEN'rz 1,838,660

COMBINED PERMUTATION AND SNAP ACTION LOCK 2 Sheets-Sheet Dec. 29, 1931,

Filed Jan. 4, 1926 1 3 W l" 2 EME/V72; y

Dec. 29, 1931. c. o. cLEMENTz COMBINED PERMUTATION AND SNAP ACTION LOCK Filed Jan. 4I 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 29, 1931 Unir-E" sr cent @scan cra'iMnn'rz,` or Matino, sWEDEN CMBINEJ- PEB/MUTATION .ND SNAI ACTION' LOCK Application a'led-lanuary 4, 1926, Serial No. 79,215, and'n Sweden February 9,1925.

This invention relates to a permutation and snap-action lock combined in a special manner, oti'erinc' several advantages whenusing A same as well as from the manufacturing point of view. Y Y

The inner parts of the loch constituting the distinguishing parts ot a permutation loch may be saidto generaliy consist of permu- A tation-controlled lock-bolt and permutation i eiements, which latter may be ot various kinds, but are usually mad-e up o15 circular discs rotatable about their'own axes and in their own plane, each disc being provided Y with a recess, whereby a slidingor anyother movement of the said lock-bolt is rendered possible, as soon as the permutation elements,

with their recesses hiddenv within the lock, are set to occupy a predetermined position in relation to the said lock-bolt, vthat is to say as soon as they are set in a correct '(combi nation) position. f n

AThe chief object of the present invention is to provide a receptacle 'for the lock so construeted, that the lool; or a divisionfthereot may be taken to pieces without utilizing any other auXiliary means than iior instance a match, a. pin or the like, 'after correctly setting the permutation elements and after sufiiciently displacing' the permutation-controll-ed loch-bolt or other members dependent thereupon, whereby an aperture is uncovered, through which the said auxiliary mea-ns, such as a match, is inserted with appropriate pres` sure, so that a. retaining or locking device'is moved out of action, whereupon the receptacle or a division thereof may be taken to pieces or removed, so that the inner parts become accessibie and may be taken out for" y certain purposes, for instance for the permutation elements. Y .e

` As it is immaterial for the Vcorrect conception ot the invention on the whole what kind exchanging 4.0

of permutation elements are used lf have, tor,

the sake ot'simpliiying the tollowingspecification and the accompanying drawings chosen such elements which consist of sub- Y the direction ot movement of the parts being caused and conditioned bysaid spring pressure.

Referring to the drawingsfFigs. 1 and 3 are elevations ofthe permutation elements if and Fig. 2 is a` vertical section through these elements assembled together. Fig. l is an elevation of the receptacle for the loch with some lock parts mounted therein, the cover beingreinoved.l Fig. 5 is a side elevationof same and Fig. 6 shows avertical section of same on the line 66 in Fig. 4f. Fig. 7 is a plan of the cover of the lock and Fig. 8 shows the same in aV lateral View. Fig. 9 is a horizontal section representing the receptacle with lock parts mounted therein on the line 9-9 in Fig. 5 and Fig. 10 shows the catch plate with the catches shownV in elevation, adapted to cooperatewith the parts shown in Fig. 9. Y Fig. 11 shows a modification of the re- V ceptacle for th-e lock withlocl parts inserted therein in a horizontal section on the line 1111 in Fig. 12 and Fig. 12 shows this modiiication in a transversal section with thev inner lock parts removed. Fig. 13 is a ver# tical section of the catchplate with the catch in elevation adapted to cooperate with the look parts shown in Fig. 11. Fig. 14 shows on-a larger scale a fragmental viewY of the parts included in the modiiication shown in Figs. 11 and 12. Fig. 15 shows the assembled permutation elements for use inconnectionv with the modification shown in Figs. 11 and 12. Fig 16 shows another modification of the receptacle for the lock with permutation elements' inserted therein. Fig. 17 shows the same ina longitudinal section and' Fig. 18 shows the same in a transversal section along.V

the line 185418 in Fig. 16. Fig. 19 shows still another modification of the lock parts in a loclr receptacle partly in a horizontal section and Fig. 2() is a longitudinal section of the member adapted to cooperate with the lodi-catches shownin Fig. 19.` Fig. 21 repre` sents a horizontal section Vof a further modif 9 tica-tion of the lock parts in a lock receptacle partly in elevation and Fig. 22 is plan of the member adapted to cooperate with the lockcatches or hooks shown in Fig. 21, the catch pins being shown in section.

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According to Fig. 1 the permutation member consists of two assembled elements, of which the one Y in the form of a disc is partly accessible from the exterior of thereceptacle and provided with permutation signs, such as numbers, letters or the like, and further provided with minor holes 1. The middle portion of this disc Y is pressed down to form the cup like part 2. The other element consists of a substantially circular disc I provided with a radial slot 3 and smaller circumferential recesses l and also with minor holes 5. Both discs Y and 1 have a bore hole in the center serving as a journal for a stud. The permutation signs on the disc Y consist of one hundred angular units marked in Fig. 1 as 0, 10, 2O and so on. The ten holes 1 in the disc Y are arranged in a circle spaced at equi-distances each distance corresponding to ten angular units and the ten holes 5 in the dise l also arranged in a circle with the same radius as that of the first named circle are spaced at equi-distances each distance corresponding to nine angular units. The discs Y and I may be held together in a relative position by means of a bent pin 6 the one end of which is inserted through a hole 1 of the disc Y and a hole 5 of the disc I, and it will be clear that on account of the diiferent spacing of said holes 1 and 5 a relative position of the two discs Y and I may be obtained in one hundred variations.

Amongst other objects of the invention one object however is to provide another axial fixing means, than that just described. Referring to Figs. l and 5 the two permutation elements are rotatable about studs 7 securely ixed to the bottom ot the receptacle 8 by riveting, and the permutation-controlled 5 lock-bolt 9 having eerpendicularly extending projections 10 and 11 is fitted adjacent the bottom of the receptacle underneath the permutation elements. Further a rocking lever 12 is pivotally mounted on the stud 13 on the one short side wall of the receptacle 8. Aft er the permutation elements are correctly set their slots 3 register with the projections 10, 10 and after longitudinally displacing the permutation lock-bolt 9 the said projections enter the slots 3, at the same time as a hole 111 in the one long side wall oi the receptacle is uncovered, which hole is covered by the pro jection 11 on the lock-bolt 9, when this is in locked or locking position. The lid or cover 15 (Fig. 8), three edges of which are bent down and inwards, can be pushed on the re ceptacle 8 from its one end only. The long" walls of the receptacle are provided with outwardly extending guiding members 16 which are engaged in gripping relation by the bent edges of the cover 15. Then the cover is pushed on the receptacle in its place the free end of the flat spring 17 fastened to the cover rests upon the lever 12 and abuts the inside of the short wall of the receptacle 8, whereby the cover is prevented from being removed. rl'he cover may however be removed after the permutation elements have been correctly set and the permutation lockbolt has been displaced so that the hole 14: becomes uncovered, through which hole an appropriate tool is inserted under the lever 12 which thereby is forced up and thus presses the end oi the liet spring 17 over the edge of the short wall of the receptacle, so that thi` cover may be withdrawn. The cover is provided with apertures 18 for reading oli' the signs or marks on the permutation elements. When the cover 15 is in its pushed-in position the permutation elements are kept together axially between the bottom of the receptacle and the cover, the circles shown with dotted lines in Fig. 7 showing the position of the permutation elements Y under the cover, and it will be observed that they laterally pro trude suiliciently so as to be accessible from the outside for setting the same into combination position. The recesses 4 in the circumterence of the element l only serve the purpose to guard against the discovery of the slot 3 by touch feeling.

Fig. 9 shows in what manner the inner parts of the lock underneath the permutation elements are arranged. These parts operate as follows Atter the permutation elements are correctly set the permutation lock-bolt 9 and the vsnap-action lock-bolt 19 are manually pressed towards each other, when a third bolt member 2O will be caused by said bolt 9 to partake in the movement of the latter. By this action the opening 21 between the bolt 19 and bolt member 2O will be enlarged. rlhe studs or catches 23 having annular grooves 22 are fixed to a catch plate 24 and adapted to be inserted through corresponding apertures in the bottom ot the receptacle and to cooperate with and be locked by the bolt 19 and bolt member 20. |The catch plate 24 is, ot course, attached to the member desired to be locked in cooperation with the lock described; that is, 'for instance, the lock proper will be positioned on the flap of aI portfolio and the catch plate 2d on the portfolio itself. v`Nhen the opening 21 is enlarged as aforesaid the catches are disengaged and may be withdrawn. lVhen the manual pressure on the bolts 9 and 19 ceases they return by the action oit a spring' .fr to their initial position, but the bolt member 2() does not return because it is locked in its inoperative position by means of a lflat spring catch 25, which falls with its iii-ee end into a notch 26 in the bolt member 20. The lock functions now, irrespective of the position of the permutation elements, as a snap or spring lock. That is to say, when underany permutation operation the bolt member 20 has been moved to a position, which in correspondence with the manually operative posilock. i

`tion of thle'bolt 19, permits withdrawal ofthe i catches 2 3, such bolt memberv20 is reta-ined in this position -by the spring .engaging in the notch 2.6 of such bolt member. Then the control of the llocking engagement of the catches 23, or their-release, isentirely within the operative movement of the bolt 19, so that by manually moving this bolt member, which iswholly free of the permutation elements, the catches 23 may be released, or after I insertion of `such catches, the normal spring .p of the receptacle ont of engagement with the notch 26 thebolt member` 2O returns bythe pressure of a spring int-o operative position as shovvnin the Ydrawings (Fig. 9)' and the loclrcan now only be used as `permutation Accordingto Fig. 9 the bottom of the receptacle 8 is provided with a hole 14a covered by the bolt 9 when in operative position, and when this bolt is in inoperative position the hole 14aregisters with a corresponding hole 14o in the bolt 9. These holes 14a and 14?) serving the sameV purpose as the hole 14 in Fig. .San appropriate tool Vmay be inserted therethrough for lifting the flat springs v17 on the cover out of its'operative position and thus enable the-cover to be removed. According tothe mode-'of adaptation the one or the other of the two described arrangement-s, that is either the hole 14 or the two holes 14a and V 14?; may be applied.

Figures 11 to 14 show a modification of the lock shown in Figures -1 to 10. vIn this modilicationthe permutation elements (Y I) are rotatably mounted on a central cup 27 i; whichV is shown in section in Fig. 11 and which adjacent the bottom of the receptacle has the form of, for instance, three peripherically positioned hooks 28, as illustratedr in' Fig. 14, which'hoolrs cooperate with loops 29 fixed to the bottom of the receptacle 30 which also has the form of a cup. vThe Vinner cup 27 maybe released from engagement with the loops 29` and thus from the outer cup 30 by rotating the same to the left (counter- `Hf.; clockwise), provided the permutation lock-v sist of two parts. For instance, as shown in Fig. 15,'they may. consist oftwo coaxially disposed lannular discs Y and I', which are adapted to be positioned in different angular positions in relation to each other, the inner annulardisc or ring I being provided .with a slot Sand recesses 4in the-same manner ,as the dise I shown in Fig. 1. The purpose n:- tended .with .the recesses is accomplished in the `most Vvpreferred manner by giving'the same andthe adjacent portions ofthe circumference ay continuous wave form, the slot 3 being arranged in the` middle of a cavity. lli-this modification the permutation lockbolt 9 isfprovided with.oneprojection10 only which vextends perpendicularly to the surface ofthe bolt up to the level ofthe uppermost permutation element. Thegspring `19 and 20 fixed to thereceptacle 30 are adapted to successively cooperate with the catchBB (Fig. 13) when this is inserted through the corresponding aperturer34 in the bottom of the receptacle. The catch or stud 33 is provided with straight cuts or grooves 35 and 36 of different widths and when pushing the 1 lcatch into the lock the spring 19 will first snap into the cut 35 and afterwards the vspring'20 drops into the cut 36. rlhe catch or stud 33 is provided at itsbase with threads onto which is screwed a nut 37.V By somewhat unscrewingthe nut. the catchor stud cannot be inserted in the aperture to its full length and therefore the spring20 cannot be operative. For the sake of clearness the' inner lool; parts shown in Fig. 11 have been omittedin Fig. 12. l i Figs. 16,17 and 18 show the receptacle 8 in athird modification with the cover 15 in its pro er place, the permutation elements Y? and 113 beingarranged on studs 7iiXed to the bottom of the receptacle 8 by riveting. The cover 15 has its two long sides bent down at right angles in relation to its plane and is placed' on Vthe receptacle 8 in such a inanner that the one short side having in cross section the form of a hook 3S grips about a projection 39 extending from the upper edge of the one short wall of the receptacle 8 (Fig. 17), whilel the other short side of the cover being bent down and provided with hooks 40 in the plane of the bendengages corresponding hooks 41 on the locking member 12 (Fig.

18). Through ahole 14 in the receptacle'S,

being covered or uncovered in a similar manner as shown in Fig. 4 bythe permutation lock-bolt, an appropriate tool may be inserted for releasing thefhoolrs 40 fromengagement with thel hooks 41 of thev locking member 12.

rW'hile Figures 9 and 11 individually show I bolt 9,but. only one snap-action lock-bolt19. 1

rl`he mode of operation of this modiiication is the tollowingz-After correctly settingthe permutation elements the permutation lockp bolts is operated against the pressure of a double armed lever 44, the other end of which has the form of a hook so that the latter, which when operative grips behind the one arm oic a bell crank lever 45, releases this lever and allows the same to move into such position, that the permutation lock-bolt 9, irrespective of the setting of the permutation elements,

may be shifted by means of the rocking lever 43 which contacts with a pin 46 on the bolt 9 and also with a pin 47 on the bolt 19. Thus, when the bell crank lever 45 is in inoperative i position the lock may be used as a snap or Spring lock and is converted into a permutation lock when pressing the bell crank lever 45 by means of the knob 43 accessible from the outside of the receptacle into operative position, that is the position shown in Fig. 19.

Figs. 21 and 2Q show a lock having one lock-bolt member 9 only which serves both as permutation lock-bolt and as snap-action lock-bolt because of the fact that it is adapted to move in two directions. This modification acts as tollows 1-Atter correctly setting the permutation elements the permutation lock-bolt member 9 is pushed to left against the pressure of the spring acting on the memer 49, whereby the member 49 partakes in this movement. The one end of the pivotally mounted spring actuated double armed lever 59 falls by the aforesaid movement behind the abutment 51 on the member 49, whereby the locking action of the lever on the lockbolt member 9 is relieved and the member 49 is kept inoperative, so that the latter cannot follow the return movement of the lock-bolt member 9. ln consequence this latter may be displaced in the opposite direction beyond its initial position and thus Yfunctions as a snap or spring lock, irrespective of the setting ot the permutation elements. By pressing the knob 52 inwards the lever 50 and the member Y 49 are caused to occupy their operative position as shown in Fig. 21. It the lock-bolt member 9 is divided along the dotted line the part having catch hooks 53 need not partake in the first named movement of the lock-bolt member, so that the catch hooks 53 may be provided with a more favourable form than that shown in the drawings.

ln certain modifications for practical use Y it may be preferred to mount the permutation the snap-action lock-bolt 19 the rocking lever 48 may be locked and unlocked respectively by a device in analogy With the locking device 45,48 shown in Fig. 19 or 49, 50 shown Iin Fig. 21. In such case the lock may function in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 21 (if the permutation lock-bolt is divided along the dotted line), by simply pressing together the two main parts of the lock.

As already disclosed in the specilication and the drawings the invention may be carried out in a great number of various modifications.

What l claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A. permutation lock comprising in combination a receptacle, permutation elements, a permutation-controlled lock-bolt, a snapact-ion lock-bolt, a third bolt member adapted to be moved into inoperative position by said permutation-eontrolled lockbolt, means for retaining said third bolt member in inoperative position, so that the snap-action lock-bolt alone may act as bolting member independent of the setting of the permutation elements, means for releasing said third bolt member retaining means, a detachable cover and releasable retaining means for keeping the cover in its place.

2. A permutation lock comprising in combination a receptacle, a detachable cover, releasable retaining means for keeping the cover in its place, permutation elements consisting of two discs each disc provided with holes arranged in a circle and equidistantly spaced but differently on each disc, the discs arranged to be set in different relative angular positions, a pin cooperating with registering holes in the two discs to maintain their relative positions, and locking members, the movement of one of said members depending upon the setting of the permutation elements.

3. A permutation lock including a locking casing adapted to be secured to one part of the receptacle to be locked, a catch element to be secured to the other part ot the receptacle to be locked, means within the casing, permutation members controlling the movement ot the means, and an automatically operable member cooperating with said means followingpermutation release operation thereof to hold the means for service as a snap action lock for the catch wholly independent ot the position of the permutation members, said automatically operable member being man ually controlled to permit said means to be returned to the governing influence ot the permutation members at will.

In testimony whereof, l have signed my name to this specification.

CARL OSCAR CLMENTZ. 

